Monthly Archives: September 2011

War is Over

There was no decisive battle, no grand gesture that suddenly ended the Civil War. The beginning of the end began in late 1864 when Generals Ulysses S. Grant and William Tecumseh Sherman created a strategy of War intended to destroy the spirit of the South. Called the March to the Sea, union battalions swept through the south, destroying Atlanta and Columbia, terrorizing innocent civilians in their wake. Public buildings were looted and burnt. Private homes were not exempt from  the destruction. Think Tara in Gone With the Wind, which the author Margaret Mitchell based on local plantations in Jonesborough,Ga.

After the South’s huge losses during Grant’s Overland Campaign through Virginia, the Confederate Army barely had enough men left to fight. Food and money were in scarce supply and starving and disgusted Confederate soldiers tired of being marched to their deaths soon began deserting in massive numbers.

On April 9, 1865, General Robert E. Lee surrendered his Army  to General Ulysses S. Grant at the McLean House in Appomattox Court House, Virginia. 

On June 30,1865 after more than 660 days as a Union soldier and just 16, a young but world weary George T. Ulmer  was honorably discharged from the Union Army. Happily, his brother Charley now 21, was discharged after being promoted to Full 2nd Lieutenant. Both brothers served their country bravely, with honor and even humor. There are so many heart breaking Civil War stories of brothers dying side by side on the battlefield. It is with a sigh of relief that I can report that George and Charley were able to finally go home to their quiet corner in Maine.

Next Up: Going Home

 

A Familiar Face

We last saw George playing hooky and puffing away on a cigar down at the steamboat landing at Fortress Monroe.  He had been spotted by a young officer arriving on a small cutter that was bringing a group of sailors from a large ocean steamer to the wharf. It was clear that the officer was not pleased to see George lazily sitting there blatantly breaking the rules.

The cutter hit the edge of the stair sending the standing officer flying backwards off the cutter. George roared with laughter clapping his hands and drawing more attention to himself. The now red-faced Officer tried to regain his balance but when he put his foot on the stair, slimey and wet from the tide, he went head over heels into the water.

When he came back to the surface covered in mud and seaweed, it was too much for George who by now was holding his sides. The other sailors had joined in on the laughter only to be screamed at by the incensed officer. He then turned his anger to George but still George could not stop himself from laughing, by now the tears streaming down his face.

In George’s memoirs he writes:

Hurriedly but cautiously climbing the slippery stairs, he made his way straight for me. I was still laughing, so hearty that my eyes were dimmed with tears! but I still puffed away at the big cigar.

He looked at me for a moment, then hitting the cigar knocked it overboard, at the same time exclaiming, “You’re too young to smoke. What you laughing at? Why don’t you salute me? Discipline! I’ll teach you discipline, confound you,” at the same time boxing my ears.

“You ‘gorramed’ little cuss, why don’t you salute me?” At the word “Gorrame” I recovered myself, looked up and recognized my brother; he had been promoted since I saw him, had raised a full beard and was in command of a regiment on his way to New Orleans and had run into Fortress Monroe for orders. I was more than pleased to see him, but wouldn’t salute him until he had soundly cuffed my ears and threatened to throw me into the water.

It was Spring of 1865 and the Ulmer brothers were re-united.

Next Up: War is Over

A Good Day Ruined

NOTE: Fort Monroe, VA was officially closed by the U.S. Army yesterday , September 15,2011 after 188 years of Army service. The Fort was handed over to the state of Virginia. The Fort, has more than 170 historic buildings, 565 acres and a significant Civil War history. There is hope that there will be a creation of a new National Park which is being evaluated by a bipartisan group in Congress and the National Park Service.

This is the 20th post in the Me and Lizzie May series. What started as just an inquisitive look into the maker of an antique steamer trunk has since morphed into a fascinating portal to the past. Lizzie, George and Charley Ulmer had all but been forgotten and yet they were stalwart, adventurous people who lived very interesting lives and in their own ways were a part of the history of this country. Cheer on George and Charley as we near the end of the War of the States and fervently hope for their survival.

After an emotional week with Confederate President Jefferson Davis, George spent his days running errands for Lieutenant Russell at and around Fortress Monroe. He was soon well known around the Fort as he was generous with his cigars bought with the additional eight dollars per month he had been detailed for the printing job. He made a mess of that job but happily still kept the salary.

One beautiful day he sat pensively smoking a new cigar without a care in the world ignoring all the commotion down at the wharf. Soon he saw for himself what all the noise was about as a huge ocean steamer came into sight and dropped anchor. The Union Captain signaled  and soon a small boat full of sailors was lowered and rowed to shore. The Officer at the stern barked one order after the other ruining George’s peaceful moment with his cigar. When they reached the wharf , the pompous Officer shielding his eyes from the strong afternoon sun pointed at George with a frown on his face.

Uh-Oh. It was strictly prohibited to smoke on the wooden wharf for obvious reasons. Up until now George had not bothered to follow any rules and had got along just fine. He puffed away in defiance pushing away the nagging feeling that the Officer looked vaguely familiar…

Next Up: A Familiar Face

George and the President

From February 16,1861 through May 5, 1865 Jefferson Davis was the elected President of the Confederate States. Even though his appearance was shockingly similar to that of President Abraham Lincoln, he was by most accounts an ineffective war strategist and his lack of popular appeal made sure that any similarities ended there. Historically he has been called meddlesome, difficult to work with and controlling.

Young George Ulmer had a completely different view of the man. After his printing debacle, George was re-assigned to a task he was well suited to. Cheerful, optimistic, friendly George was assigned as a type of guard to Jefferson Davis while the Confederate President was incarcerated at Fortress Monroe. He was instructed to accompany the President on his daily walks and generally keep the man company.

For a full week he walked and talked with the President listening to his woes and of course asking plenty of questions. George had nothing negative to say about his assignment in fact ,the opposite is true. In his memoirs he writes:

 He gave me lots of good advice, and I learned more from conversation with him about national affairs than I ever expected to know; and if I ever become president I will avail myself of the advice and teaching of that great man. He pointed out the right and wrong paths for young men; urged me above all things to adhere strictly to honesty and integrity; to follow these two principles, and I would succeed in business and become great and respected. I thanked him for his kind advice, and pressed his hand good-bye. “Good-bye, my boy,” said he. “You have been a comfort to me in my loneliness and sorrow. God bless you, my boy, God bless you!” A great, big something came up in my throat as I turned and left him, and I have regretted all my life that I was not fortunate enough to have the pleasure of meeting him again before he passed away; for I assure you, indulgent readers and comrades, that no matter what he had done, or what mistakes he had made, his memory will always find a warm spot in the heart of that little Drummer Boy from Maine. 

Next Up: A Good Day Ruined

Fortress Monroe

After an enjoyable few weeks assigned to light duty with the Veteran Reserves corps., George was transferred to Fortress Monroe, a military installation in Hampton,Virginia at the southern tip of the Virginia Peninsula. Fort Monroe guarded the channel between the Chesapeake Bay and Hampton Roads. This impenetrable six-sided stone fort was completely surrounded by a moat. 

It must have daunting for George to have been assigned to this imposing stone fortress. After reporting in to headquarters he wandered the grounds for a bit to get his bearings. He soon found a worn stone wall and sat down to enjoy a cigar (his new vice). This was the busiest base he had been at and there was a lot to see. Soon enough he was discovered sitting there and told to move on and get his orders. He found his superior, Lieutenant Russell who he fondly recalls in his memoirs. Lieutenant Russell needed a foreman in the Government Printing Office. For “occupation” George had filled in “Printer” on his paperwork. Printing however was his father’s profession but George figured he knew all about it so he told the Lieutenant that he “had some knowledge of it”.

As a Printer, George was given an additional eight dollars per month, a fortune to him! His first assignment was to print 50,000 official envelopes. It was during the Civil War that many advances in printing were invented. Rotary presses were introduced, and in 1863, the Philadelphia Inquirer became the first newspaper to use a web-perfecting press that allowed a man to feed one sheet of paper through the machine and have it print on both sides. These time-saving inventions were a wonder in their day but still a far cry from our current method of keying “print” on the computer!

This picture was taken from Dictionnaire encyclopédique Trousset, also known as the Trousset encyclopedia, Paris, 1886 – 1891.

George spent the next few days printing up 50,000 official envelopes. Job completed, he patted himself on the back and decided to reward his fine work with a cigar and enjoy his day. A breathless Private found him and told him to report to Lieutenant Russell’s office right away. Proud as a peacock he marched into Lieutenant Russell’s office wondering what kind of award or even promotion he would get for his outstanding work. he even imagined  that he would be re-assigned maybe to Washington to take over the Government Printing Office there. At that moment he probably thought that he could single-handedly win the war!

Smiling, the Lieutenant asked him :

“Young man, you told me you were a printer?” 

“Yes, sir.” 

“Did you ‘O. K.’ this job?” passing one of the envelopes he held in his hand. 

“Yes sir,” I answered. 

“Umph! Is it correct?” 

“Yes, sir.” 

“It is, eh?” 

“Yes-s, sir.” 

“Umph! how do you spell business?” 

“B-u-i-s-n-e-ss,” said I. 

“You do, eh?” 

“Yes, sir.” 

“Well,” said he in an imperative manner, “our government sees fit to differ with you. You will go to your office and print fifty thousand more, but see that you spell business right, and bring me the proof. The lot you have printed we will send to Washington, and recommend that they be made into a paper mache statue of yourself, and label it ‘Buisness’.” 

And so began and ended George’s illustrious printing career…at least for now.

Next up: George and the President

Will George Survive?

For over three weeks George recuperated at Balfour the Portsmouth,VA military hospital. He had escaped with relatively minor injuries and a nasty concussion. But once he started feeling better he thoroughly enjoyed being fussed over by the various women’s leagues who visited wounded soldiers. These devoted women would bring books, warm blankets and home-baked treats. Young, charismatic George was soon the center of attention, his favorite place to be.

He bounced back quickly and thoroughly bored with hospital life he had the audacity to write a letter to Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton. After explaining who he was and how he was faring in the War (including being injured and staying at Balfour Hospital), he asked if he should go back to the front or just go home to his family. He was of course hoping to be sent home. Instead, he received a special order direct from Secretary Stanton himself to have George transferred to the 2nd Battalion Veteran Reserve Corps. This was a coup as this would keep him away from the battlefields.

The title “Veteran Reserve Corps” was substituted for that of “Invalid Corps” by General Order No. 111, dated March 18, 1864. The men serving in the Veteran Reserve Corps were organized into two battalions; the First Battalion including those whose disabilities were comparatively slight and who were still able to handle a musket and do some marching, also to perform guard or provost duty. The Second Battalion was made up of men whose disabilities were more serious, who had perhaps lost limbs or suffered some other grave injury. These later were commonly employed as cooks, orderlies, nurses, or guards in public buildings.

For two months George enjoyed serving in the Veteran Reserve Corps. While most of his fellow battalion were made up of amputees and sick soldiers, he had his strength and vitality giving him ample opportunity to finish his light tasks and leaving a lot of time to roam freely. With his free time George became involved in local theatre. He happily acted in productions for the wounded soldiers at the hospital. His enthusiasm made up for his lack of acting experience and his good nature and quick wit brought good cheer to the suffering soldiers and tired staff.

All in all life was not bad for this Drummer Boy from Maine. Luck as always was on his side.

Next Up: Fortress Monroe

The beautiful sketch above was found at a blog titled: Boys of the Civil War. Well worth the read. The sheer number of soldiers below the age of 18 in the Civil War is astounding.